Fall risk assessment

Falls are common in adults 65 years of age and older. In the United States, about a third of older adults who live at home and about half of people living in nursing homes fall at least once a year. There are many factors that increase the risk of falling in older adults.

They include: Mobility problems (e.g., trouble walking or standing up); Balance disorders; Chronic (long-term) illnesses; Impaired vision; Taking certain medicines; Foot problems and wearing unsafe shoes; Mild cognitive impairment or certain types of dementia; Many falls cause at least some injury. These range from mild bruising to broken bones, head injuries, and even death. In fact, falls are a leading cause of death in older adults.

Why this test is done

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the American Geriatrics Society recommend yearly fall assessment screening for all adults 65 years of age and older. If the screening shows you are at risk, you may need an assessment. The assessment includes performing a series of tasks called fall assessment tools.

You also may need an assessment if you have certain symptoms. Falls often come without warning, but if you have any of the following symptoms, you may be at higher risk:

• Dizziness
• Irregular or rapid heartbeats (arrhythmia)
• Blood pressure that drops too much when you stand up

How to prepare

You don't need any special preparations for a fall risk assessment.

Other names for this test

fall risk evaluation, fall risk screening, assessment, and intervention