Glucagon Blood Test

This test measures the amount of glucagon in your blood. Glucagon is a hormone made by your pancreas. Hormones are chemical messengers in your bloodstream that control the actions of certain cells or organs.

Glucagon works with other hormones, like insulin, to help maintain your body's level of blood glucose, also called blood sugar. Glucagon increases your blood glucose levels, while insulin decreases your blood glucose levels. Glucose is your body's main source of energy.

It comes from the food you eat. Your body breaks down most of that food into glucose and releases it into your bloodstream. This causes your blood glucose levels to go up, and less glucagon is released.

And when your blood glucose levels drop, your pancreas releases glucagon into the bloodstream. But if your pancreas doesn't release the right amount of glucagon, it can lead to serious health problems.

Why this test is done

You may need this test if you have symptoms of hypoglycemia or a pancreatic tumor.

Symptoms of hypoglycemia can include:

• Fast or irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia)

• Tingling in the lips, tongue, or cheeks
• Anxiety
• Irritability
• Sweating
• Blurred vision
• Fatigue
• Pale skin
• Hunger

Symptoms of a pancreatic tumor can include:

• A rash on the face, stomach, or legs
• Diarrhea
• Weight loss
• Sores in the mouth or tongue

How to prepare

You may need to fast (not eat or drink) for several hours before the test.

Sample type

Blood

Other names for this test

glucagon blood test, hypoglycemia-glucagon test, glucagon-plasma