Tumor Marker Tests

These tests look for tumor markers, which are sometimes called cancer markers. Tumor markers are substances that are made by cancer cells or by normal cells in response to cancer. For example, some cancer cells make certain proteins in larger amounts than normal cells do.

These proteins can act as tumor markers because their presence may mean cancerous cells are present. Certain tumor markers may be found in samples of body fluids, such as blood or urine (pee). Other tumor markers are found in samples of cells that are removed from a tumor during a biopsy.

Not all cancers have known tumor markers, and the tumor markers that are known don't always provide accurate information. That's because: Some conditions that aren't cancer may also cause high levels of certain tumor markers. Tumor marker tests can't tell whether tumor markers come from cancer or from another condition.; Some people don't make high levels of the tumor markers that are commonly found in their type of cancer.;

Why this test is done

You may need a tumor marker test if you:

• Are currently being treated for cancer.
• Have finished cancer treatment.
• Have a high risk of getting a certain type of cancer because it runs in your family, or you have other conditions that increase your risk.

The type of test you have will depend on your health and health history, cancer diagnosis, and the symptoms you may have.

How to prepare

For a blood or urine test: You usually don't need any special preparations.

For a biopsy: You may need to fast (not eat or drink) for several hours before the procedure.

Talk with your provider if you have any questions about preparing for your test.

Sample type

Blood Urine Tissue/Biopsy